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RDF, or Refuse-Derived Fuel, typically requires a higher percentage of excess air during combustion to ensure that the fuel burns completely and efficiently. This is crucial because RDF is composed of various materials, including plastics, paper, and organic matter, which can have variable combustion characteristics.

The range of 35% to 55% excess air is often favored because it allows for adequate oxygen supply to facilitate thorough combustion of the heterogeneous materials present in RDF. This level of excess air helps to minimize issues such as unburned carbon residues and the production of harmful emissions. With insufficient air, combustion can be inefficient, leading to higher levels of particulate and gas emissions, which are undesirable from both environmental and regulatory standpoints.

Therefore, the requirement of 35% to 55% excess air aligns with achieving optimal combustion conditions for RDF, balancing efficiency and emissions control effectively.